ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Influence of gross specimen sampling on the incidence of incidental prostatic carcinoma in cystoprostatectomy specimens of patients with bladder carcinoma
Submission date: 2015-11-04
Final revision date: 2015-11-23
Acceptance date: 2015-12-12
Publication date: 2016-05-10
Pol J Pathol 2016;67(1):8-12
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Reported prostate cancer incidence rates vary greatly among cystoprostatectomy samples. We investigated how the thoroughness of prostate sampling influences prostatic carcinoma incidence in bladder cancer patients. In a retrospective study, 313 cystoprostatectomy cases of urinary bladder carcinoma were analysed for the presence of concurrent prostatic carcinoma. Patients were divided into two groups: patients who had undergone the operation before and after 2007, when a policy of preferably complete prostate sampling in cystoprostatectomy specimens was introduced at our institution. Cases processed after the 2007 recommended sampling changes had a significantly higher rate of incidental prostatic carcinoma and clinically significant prostatic carcinoma than the pre-2007 group (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.003, respectively). Complete prostate processing in cystoprostatectomy specimens results in a higher incidence of incidental prostatic carcinoma than with partial processing. More patients with clinically significant prostate cancer are consequently discovered. In conclusion, we believe that complete prostate sampling should be mandatory.
REFERENCES (32)
1.
Primic-Žakelj M, Bračko M, Hočevar M, et al. Cancer in Slovenia 2009. Primic-Žakelj M, Bračko M, Hočevar M, et al. (eds.). Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Cancer Registry of Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia 2013; 35-81.
2.
Roobol MJ. The prostate-specific antigen test. Expert Opin Med Diagn 2013; 7: 423-426.
3.
Siegel R, Ward E, Brawley O, et al. Cancer statistics, 2011: the impact of eliminating socioeconomic and racial disparities on premature cancer deaths. CA Cancer J Clin 2011; 61: 212-236.
4.
Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, et al. SEER cancer statistics review, 1975-2012. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA 2010; http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/197.... Accessed September 15th 2015.
5.
Simmons MN, Berglund RK, Jones JS. A practical guide to prostate cancer diagnosis and management. Cleve Clin J Med 2011; 78: 321-331.
6.
Magheli A, Rais-Bahrami S, Humphreys EB, et al. Impact of patient age on biochemical recurrence rates following radical prostatectomy. J Urol 2007; 178: 1933-1938.
7.
Heidenreich A, Bellmunt J, Bolla M, et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Part 1: screening, diagnosis, and treatment of clinically localised disease. Eur Urol 2011; 59: 61-71.
8.
Heidenreich A, Bastian PJ, Bellmunt J, et al. EAU guidelines on prostate cancer. Part 2: Treatment of advanced, relapsing, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2014; 65: 467-479.
9.
Freedland SJ. Screening, risk assessment, and the approach to therapy in patients with prostate cancer. Cancer 2011; 117: 1123-1135.
10.
Ploeg M, Aben KK, Kiemeney LA. The present and future burden of urinary bladder cancer in the world. World J Urol 2009; 27: 289-293.
11.
Letašiová S, Medve’ová A, Šovčíková A, et al. Bladder cancer, a review of the environmental risk factors. Environ Health 2012; 11 Suppl 1: S11.
12.
Burger M, Oosterlinck W, Konety B, et al. ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Eur Urol 2013; 63: 36-44.
13.
Gakis G, Efstathiou J, Lerner SP, et al. ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Radical cystectomy and bladder preservation for muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Eur Urol 2013; 63: 45-57.
14.
Epstein JI, Allsbrook WC Jr, Amin MB, et al. The 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consensus Conference on Gleason Grading of Prostatic Carcinoma. Am.
16.
Epstein JI, Egevald L, Amin MB, et al. The 2014 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on Gleason grading of prostatic carcinoma: Definition of grading patterns and proposal for a new grading system. Am J surg Pathol 2016; 40: 244-252.
17.
Zlotta AR, Egawa S, Pushkar D, et al. Prevalence of prostate cancer on autopsy: cross-sectional study on unscreened Caucasian and Asian men. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013; 105: 1050-1058.
18.
Kurokawa K, Ito K, Yamamoto T, et al. Comparative study on the prevalence of clinically detectable prostate cancer in patients with and without bladder cancer. Urology 2004; 63: 268-272.
19.
Ploussard G, Epstein JI, Montironi R, et al. The contemporary concept of significant versus insignificant prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2010; 60: 291-303.
20.
Grimm P, Billiet I, Bostwick D, et al. Comparative analysis of prostate-specific antigen free survival outcomes for patients with low, intermediate and high risk prostate cancer treatment by radical therapy. Results from the Prostate Cancer Results Study Group. BJU Int 2012; 109 Suppl 1: 22-29.
21.
Fritsche HM, Aziz A, Eder F, et al. Potentially clinically relevant prostate cancer is found more frequently after complete than after partial histopathological processing of radical cystoprostatectomy specimens. Virchows Arch 2012; 461: 655-661.
22.
Pettus JA, Al-Ahmadie H, Barocas DA, et al. Risk assessment of prostatic pathology in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy. Eur Urol 2008; 53: 370-375.
23.
Mazzucchelli R, Barbisan F, Scarpelli M, et al. Is incidentally detected prostate cancer in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy clinically significant? Am J Clin Pathol 2009; 131: 279-283.
24.
Wetterauer C, Weibel M, Gsponer JR, et al. Incidental prostate cancer prevalence at radical cystoprostatectomy–importance of the histopathological work-up. Virchows Arch 2014; 465: 629-636.
25.
Hosseini SY, Danesh AK, Parvin M, et al. Incidental prostatic adenocarcinoma in patients with PSA less than 4 ng/mL undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer in Iranian men. Int Braz J Urol 2007; 33: 167-173.
26.
Abbas F, Hochberg D, Civantos F, et al. Incidental prostatic adenocarcinoma in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer. Eur Urol 1996; 30: 322-326.
27.
Zhu YP, Ye DW, Yao XD, et al. Prevalence of incidental prostate cancer in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy: data from China and other Asian countries. Asian J Androl 2009; 11: 104-108.
28.
Epstein JI, Walsh PC, Carmichael M, et al. Pathologic and clinical findings to predict tumor extent of nonpalpable (stage T1c) prostate cancer. JAMA 1994; 271: 368-374.
29.
van der Kwast TH, Amin MB, Billis A, et al.; ISUP Prostate Cancer Group. International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consensus Conference on Handling and Staging of Radical Prostatectomy Specimens. Working group 2: T2 substaging and prostate cancer volume. Mod Pathol 2011; 24: 16-25.
30.
Buse S, Höfner T, Müller SC, et al. Characterization and risk stratification of prostate cancer in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy. Int J Urol 2013; 20: 866-871.
31.
Pignot G, Salomon L, Neuzillet Y, et al. Clinicopathological characteristics of incidental prostate cancer discovered from radical cystoprostatectomy specimen: a multicenter French study. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21: 684-690.
32.
Bruins HM, Djaladat H, Ahmadi H, et al. Incidental prostate cancer in patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma: comprehensive analysis of 1,476 radical cystoprostatectomy specimens. J Urol 2013; 190: 1704-1709.
Share
RELATED ARTICLE
| eISSN: | 2084-9869 |
| ISSN: | 1233-9687 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
