Inflammatory infiltrates in parathyroid lesions are uncommon, and their histopathological characteristics and clinicopathological associations remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the frequency, histopathological patterns, and clinicopathological associations of inflammatory infiltrates in parathyroid lesions. This retrospective study included 121 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism. All available haematoxylin and eosin stained slides prepared from 222 paraffin blocks were independently reviewed by three pathologists. Inflammatory infiltrates were classified using predefined histopathological criteria. Clinicopathological characteristics, biochemical findings, cellular composition, and comorbidities were compared between lesions with and without inflammatory infiltrates. A sensitivity analysis excluding oncocytic adenomas was performed. Inflammatory infiltrates were identified in 24 of 121 lesions (19.8%) and were predominantly nonspecific. In the overall cohort, inflammatory infiltrates were associated with lower chief-cell and higher oncocytic-cell proportions. However, these associations were not retained after exclusion of oncocytic adenomas, suggesting that they were influenced by lesion subtype. In the restricted analysis, inflammatory infiltrates were associated with a higher clear-cell proportion, although this secondary finding should be interpreted cautiously. No statistically significant associations were observed with clinical characteristics, biochemical parameters, or evaluated comorbidities. Inflammatory infiltrates were present in approximately one-fifth of surgically resected parathyroid lesions and were predominantly nonspecific and perivascular. Although associations with cellular composition were observed in the overall cohort, these findings were not consistently maintained after accounting for lesion subtype. These exploratory findings require confirmation in larger studies using standardized histopathological criteria.